Chapter 18 Verse 31

That by which one wrongly understands dharma and adharma, and also what ought to be done and what ought not to be done—that intellect, O Arjuna, is rajasic (passionate).

Core Meaning

This verse says that when the intellect cannot clearly tell right from wrong, or what should be done and what should not, it is ruled by rajas — passion. In other words, a passionate mind judges things through desire, fear, or quick rewards rather than clear truth.

A rajasic intellect is confused and unstable. It mistakes what satisfies the senses, social gain, or short-term advantage for true duty or lasting good. That confusion leads to actions based on impulse, pride, or attachment.

To act rightly we need a quiet, steady mind that sees beyond short-term pulls. Reducing passion and sharpening awareness helps the intellect distinguish real duty from mere desire.

Life Application

• Before deciding, pause and ask: “Why am I doing this—comfort, praise, or genuine rightness?”
• Build small habits to calm reactivity (deep breath, short walk, sleep on big choices) so choices come from clarity, not impulse.
• Use steady principles and long-term outcomes as guides, not only immediate feelings or gains.

Reflection Question

Is my next action coming from desire and rush, or from calm and clear understanding?