
Chapter 15 Verse 1
Puruṣhottam Yog
श्री भगवानुवाचऊर्ध्वमूलमधःशाखमश्वत्थं प्राहुरव्ययम्।छन्दांसि यस्य पर्णानि यस्तं वेद स वेदवित्।।15.1।।
śhrī-bhagavān uvācha ūrdhva-mūlam adhaḥ-śhākham aśhvatthaṁ prāhur avyayam chhandānsi yasya parṇāni yas taṁ veda sa veda-vit
Word Meanings
| śhrī-bhagavān uvācha | the Supreme Divine Personality said |
| ūrdhva-mūlam | with roots above |
| adhaḥ | downward |
| śhākham | branches |
| aśhvattham | the sacred fig tree |
| prāhuḥ | they speak |
| avyayam | eternal |
| chhandānsi | Vedic mantras |
| yasya | of which |
| parṇāni | leaves |
| yaḥ | who |
| tam | that |
| veda | knows |
| saḥ | he |
| veda-vit | the knower of the Vedas |
Translation
The Blessed Lord said: They (the wise) speak of the indestructible peepul tree, with its roots above and branches below, whose leaves are the meters or hymns; he who knows it is a knower of the Vedas.
Philosophical Significance
Core Meaning
The verse paints the image of an upside-down peepul tree: its roots are above and its branches below. This tree stands for reality with the higher, spiritual source above and the visible world growing downward from it. The leaves, called the Vedic meters, are the teachings that describe life’s forms.
To truly know the tree means to see beyond surface appearances and understand where everything comes from. A true knower uses sacred teachings not as ends but as guides that point to the eternal source behind changing forms.
Spiritually, this teaches us to turn our attention from fleeting things (the branches and leaves) to the root (the inner, unchanging reality). When life is rooted in that source, actions and choices become steadier and less driven by fear or craving.
Life Application
- Spend a few minutes daily in quiet or prayer to connect with your inner source rather than react to momentary events.
- Read spiritual teachings to learn their deeper point; ask how they guide you toward inner steadiness, not just rules.
- Practice detachment from outcomes: do your duty with care, but let go of tight clinging to praise, loss, or gain.
Reflection Question
Are you rooted in what changes, or in what truly lasts?

